Компрессор воздушный принцип работы: Воздушный компрессор: назначение, принцип работы, виды

принцип работы, преимущества и особенности обслуживания

Сегодня устройства винтового действия практически полностью вытеснили другие типы компрессоров – особенно на предприятиях, использующих большое количество сжатого воздуха. Рассмотрим принцип работы винтовых компрессоров, их преимущества и тонкости обслуживания.

Винтовые компрессоры являются разновидностью ротационного оборудования. Принцип их работы основан на вращении двух роторов, которые и называют винтами.

Первый винтовой компрессор был разработан шведским ученым Элиотом Лисхольном, образец выпустили в 1934 году. С тех пор изобретение перетерпело множество изменений, но принцип его работы остался прежним.

Сегодня винтовые агрегаты практически полностью вытеснили другие типы компрессоров из пищевой, стекольной, химической промышленности, а также других отраслей производства, использующих большое количество сжатого воздуха.

Устройство и принцип работы винтового компрессора

Винтовой компрессор обеспечивает преобразование электрической энергии в воздушно-газовый толчок.

Основным узлом этого устройства является винтовой блок (см. рис. ниже). Он состоит из корпуса (1) и расположенной в нем винтовой пары (2 и 3) – ведущего и ведомого ротора.

В средней части роторов имеются утолщения, на которых нарезан винтовой профиль. Зубья ведущего ротора имеют выпуклую и широкую форму, ведомого – тонкую и вогнутую.

Роторная пара установлена на втулки или подшипники, между винтами предусмотрен минимальный зазор (от 0,1 до 0,4 мм). Роторы вращаются навстречу друг другу, соблюдая принцип ведомости. Их движение синхронизируется с помощью шестерен (4), закрепленных на валах роторов. Герметичность корпуса обеспечивают сальники и уплотнители.

В корпусе компрессора также предусмотрены полости для охлаждения (5), в которые, если это предусмотрено, подается жидкость (вода, масло).

Принцип работы винтового компрессора заключается в следующем.

После начала вращения роторной пары через впускное отверстие и регулятор всасывания начинает поступать воздух, который заполняет винтовые впадины по всей длине. Дальнейшее проворачивание винтов уменьшает объем рабочей камеры и увеличивает давление в ней. Когда впадины винта соединяются с выпускным отверстием компрессора, сжатая среда через радиатор охлаждения выходит через выпускное окно агрегата.

В масляной разновидности компрессора воздух на этапе попадания в роторный блок смешивается с очищенным маслом, которое поступает в него точно дозированными порциями. Перед выходом сжатая смесь проходит через картридж сепаратора. Масляные фракции отделяются от воздуха и снова поступают в роторный блок.

В безмасляных компрессорах (сухого сжатия) из-за сильного разогрева воздуха сжатие происходит в две ступени с промежуточным охлаждением. Компрессионный модуль таких устройств состоит из двух винтовых блоков на общей раме. Они оснащены каналами для подачи охлаждающей жидкости. Водно-гликолевый раствор принудительно нагнетается насосом, а затем охлаждается в теплообменнике. Чтобы обеспечить максимально возможную герметичность блока, роторы безмасляных компрессоров имеют повышенную частоту вращения (до 6 000 об/мин), что обеспечивается шестеренным мультипликатором.

Виды винтовых компрессоров

В настоящее время изготавливается множество различных типов винтовых компрессорных устройств. Они могут классифицироваться по различным критериям: по заполнению камеры, по сжимаемой среде, типу привода и т.д.

Двумя основными разновидностями винтовых компрессоров являются маслозаполненные модели и безмасляные устройства.

Маслозаполненные компрессоры чаще всего используются в производственных цехах. Процесс работы их роторов смягчается впрыскиванием масла. Оно же способствует отведению излишков тепла.

Безмасляные компрессоры применяются в тех сферах промышленности, которые требуют получения сжатого воздуха высокой степени чистоты: пищевой, фармацевтической, химической и прочих.

Существуют безмасляные компрессоры сухого сжатия и водозаполненные устройства. Первые оснащаются двигателями синхронного типа, которые приводятся в движение обоими винтами. Они хуже, чем маслозаполненные, отводят тепло, поэтому имеют более низкую производительность.

Водозаполненные компрессоры используют вместо масла обычную воду, которая делает тепловую нагрузку на детали минимальной. Срок службы, надежность и безопасность таких устройств намного выше, чем у компрессоров сухого сжатия. При этом обходятся они дешевле, чем масляные – благодаря более низкому энергопотреблению и меньшим также затратам на обслуживание (замену масляных фильтров, емкостей для отработанной масляной жидкости и пр.).

По сжимаемой среде компрессоры бывают воздушными, газовыми и многоцелевыми, пот типу привода – ременными и прямыми, по виду используемой энергии – дизельными и электрическими.

В зависимости от степени сжатия воздуха/газа выделяют компрессоры низкого (до 1 Мн/м²), среднего (до 10 Мн/м²) и высокого (более 10 Мн/м²) давления.

Преимущества винтовых компрессоров

Основными преимуществами винтовых компрессоров являются компактные размеры, не слишком большой вес, надежность и долговечность.

Винтовые устройства:

• Могут долгое время работать в автономном режиме
• Оснащены системой автоматического отключения в случае аварии, перегрева или сбоя сети
• Быстро монтируются в собственных рамах без специального фундамента
• При работе создают минимум шума и вибраций благодаря изолирующим кожухам
• Оснащены цифровыми блоками управления, которые позволяют легко менять давление, программировать циклы и регулировать энергопотребление
• За счет использования винтовых блоков последних поколений и автоматического управления подачей воздуха существенно экономят электроэнергию (до 30 %)
• Не требуют частого обслуживания (для сравнения, поршневые устройства подлежат осмотру через каждые 500 часов работы, винтовые – через 4000-8000 часов)

Отличная работоспособность винтового компрессора объясняется отсутствием клапанов, простой системой смазки и охлаждения. Практика показывает, что за время эксплуатации одного такого устройства предприятие может поменять около 5 машин поршневого типа.

Обслуживание безмасляного винтового компрессора

В первую очередь, необходимо отметить, что роторные компрессоры любого типа, а безмасляные – в первую очередь, не предназначены для сильно запыленных помещений.

Абразивные частицы, попадающие внутрь винтового блока, повреждают поверхности роторов и нарушают геометрию их форм. В результате вращающиеся винты начинают соприкасаться, что вызывает повышенное трение, образование задиров и схватываний.

Многие производители в целях защиты от износа и коррозии наносят на роторы специальные защитные покрытия.

Первыми это начали делать зарубежные производители. Обработка роторов специальными полимерными составами позволяла не только снизить вероятность их контакта с последующим образованием задиров, но и сократить затраты на точную механическую обработку поверхностей.

За счет включения мельчайших частиц твердых смазочных материалов полимерные покрытия имеют высокие антифрикционные свойства, что позволяет им эффективно снижать трение и препятствовать образованию задиров.

Покрытия выравнивают поверхности роторов, чем упрощают их приработку и обеспечивают динамическое уплотнение. Защитный слой, который создают эти материалы на винтовой паре, предотвращает коррозию металла, которую может вызвать попадание воды или агрессивных охлаждающих растворов.

Со временем заводские покрытия изнашиваются, и чтобы решить вопрос их восстановления, необходимо пользоваться готовыми антифрикционными материалами. Ранее такие составы были исключительно импортными, однако сегодня их производство налажено и в нашей стране.

Российская компания «Моденжи» разработала серию антифрикционных твердосмазочных покрытий для винтовых компрессоров, которые могут применяться как при производстве, так и при ремонте роторов.

Покрытия MODENGY наносятся на поверхности деталей слоем до 100 мкм, затем, после приработки, толщина уменьшается в 2-2,5 раза и становится оптимальной.

Полимерная матрица покрытия прочно удерживает в своих ячейках частицы твердых смазочных материалов, выполняющие антифрикционную и противозадирную функции.

При обслуживании безмасляных винтовых компрессоров применяются покрытия MODENGY 1007, MODENGY 1014 и MODENGY 1066.

MODENGY 1007 производится на основе графита, поэтому имеет характерный серо-черный цвет. Покрытие стабильно работает при температурах -50…+350 °С, имеет несущую способность 1300 МПа (тест SRV).

Несущая способность MODENGY 1014 еще выше, она составляет 2700 МПа. Диапазон рабочих температур покрытия с дисульфидом молибдена и политетрафторэтиленом – -75…+255 °С. Состав отличается высокими антикоррозионными свойствами – >672 ч (тест в соляном тумане).

MODENGY 1066 с графитом и дисульфидом молибдена выдерживает температуры от -70 до +315 °С. Покрытие также обладает антикоррозионными свойствами (>300 ч в соляном тумане) и высокой несущей способностью (9900 H по методу Falex).

Перед нанесением покрытия с поверхностей роторов удаляются остатки старых смазок, пыль и другие загрязнения. Для полной очистки и обезжиривания винтовой пары используется Специальный очиститель-активатор MODENGY. Его применение способствует высокой адгезии будущего покрытия и гарантирует долгий срок его службы.

Антифрикционные составы наносятся на роторы в несколько слоев, затем детали подвергаются нагреву для полимеризации покрытий. Все материалы отверждаются при нагреве свыше +200 °С в течение 20-40 минут (точное время зависит от вида покрытия).

Роторы с покрытием MODENGY в дальнейшем не требуют повторной обработки – правильно нанесенный защитный слой не стирается, так как не дает винтовым поверхностям вступать в контакт.

Признаки необходимости ремонта масляных винтовых компрессоров

Масляный винтовой компрессор нуждается в ремонте, если наблюдаются:

• Сложности с его запуском
• Отсутствие сжатого воздуха в выходном патрубке агрегата
• Снижение производительности устройства
• Чрезмерный расход масла
• Непроизвольное срабатывание предохранительного клапана
• Отключение аппарата термостатом или прерывателем сети
• Поломка роторного блока
• Повышенное давление в компрессоре

Причиной трудности с запуском винтового компрессора может быть низкая температура окружающего воздуха. Проблема решается после его прогрева.

Если устройство не перезапускается, необходимо проверить состояние всасывающего клапана – скорее всего, он загрязнен и плохо закрывается. В таком случае требуется прочистка или замена детали.

Отсутствие сжатого воздуха в выходном отверстии аппарата – признак закрытия регулятора. Чтобы устранить эту неисправность, потребуется проверить работоспособность реле давления, который подает питание на электромагнитный клапан, связанный, в свою очередь, с регулятором.

Понижение производительности компрессорного оборудования чаще всего связано с засорением регулятора. Чтобы демонтировать его для очистки, потребуется снять всасывающий фильтр.

Большой расход масла в компрессоре может быть вызван поломкой фильтра маслоотделителя или нарушением герметичности уплотнений этого фильтра. В обоих случаях проблема решается заменой деталей.

Если фильтр маслоотделителя засорился, предохранительный клапан может начать открываться непроизвольно. В таком случае требуется проверить, существует ли перепад давления между резервуаром масляного сепаратора и трубопроводом, в котором находится сжатый воздух. Если проблема есть, она решается заменой фильтра.

Отключение компрессора термостатом может происходить по несколькими причинами:

• Температура окружающей среды слишком высока: таком случае ее следует снизить с помощью хорошей вентиляции, после чего перезагрузить аппарат
• Охладитель масла засорился: требуется прочистить его с применением растворяющей жидкости
• Недостаточно масла: следует долить необходимое количество
• Термостат неисправен: деталь следует заменить на новую

При постоянном срабатывании прерывателя сети и отключении двигателя следует проверить напряжение и, если показатели в норме, перезапустить аппарат.

Прерыватель цепи может также срабатывать при перегреве двигателя. Если при этом режим отвода тепла не нарушен, необходимо перезапустить оборудование.

Ремонт роторного блока при его поломке возможен только в случае выхода из строя подшипников. В случае заклинивания роторов ремонт следует доверить специалистам.

Проблема повышенного давления в компрессоре может быть вызвана отсутствием команды на закрытие регулятора. В первую очередь, необходимо проверить эту деталь, а также состояние электромагнитного клапана (он должен быть закрыт). При необходимости их следует заменить.

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Purification Water Chillers 90008 90003 North Slope Chillers 90008 90003 Parker DH Water Chillers 90008 90003 Accessories 90008 90017 90008 90017 90008 90003 Filters 90002 90003 Industrial Compressor Filters 90002 90003 Particulate (5 Micron) 90008 90003 Coalescing Filters (1 Micron) 90008 90003 Fine Coalescing (0.01 Micron) 90008 90003 Carbon Air Filters 90008 90003 Duplex Air Filters 90008 90017 90008 90003 Water Separators 90008 90003 Point of Use Filters 90008 90003 Process Filters 90002 90003 Sterile Air Depth Filters 90008 90003 Sterile Air Membrane Filters 90008 90003 Industrial Stainless Steel Filters 90008 90003 Culinary Steam Filters 90008 90003 High PSI Stainless Steel Filters 90008 90017 90008 90003 Mist Eliminators 90008 90003 High Pressure Stainless 90008 90003 Natural Gas Filters 90008 90003 316 Stainless Steel Separators 90008 90003 Filter / Regulators 90008 90003 Filter / Regulator / Lubricators 90008 90003 Filter Elements 90002 90003 Airtek Elements 90008 90003 Balston Elements 90008 90003 Chicago Pneumatic Elements 90008 90003 Deltech Elements & Kits 90008 90003 Domnick Hunter Elements 90008 90003 Ingersoll Rand Elements 90008 90003 Nano Elements 90008 90003 Oasis Elements 90008 90003 Quincy Filter Elements 90008 90003 Zander Elements 90008 90017 90008 90003 Accessories & Kits 90002 90003 Auto Drains 90008 90003 Differential Pressure Indicators 90008 90003 Filter Repair Kits 90008 90017 90008 90017 90008 90003 Air Tanks 90002 90003 Vertical Air Tanks 90008 90003 Vertical Tank with Top Plate 90008 90003 Horizontal Air Tanks 90008 90003 Horizontal Tank with Top Plate 90008 90003 Vacuum Tanks 90008 90003 Portable Air Tanks 90008 90003 Epoxy Water Tanks 90008 90017 90008 90003 Vacuum 90002 90003 Industrial Vacuum Pumps 90002 90003 Rotary Vane Vacuum Pumps 90008 90003 Oil 90008 90017 90008 90017 90008 90017.90000 Air Compressors | Quincy Compressor 90001 90002 Quincy Compressor is a longstanding global leader in air compressor technology, with a history dating back to 90003 1920. Over nearly a century in business, we’ve established a reputation for continued innovation, as well as providing highly reliable products. 90004 90002 Industrial and commercial users can count on Quincy air compressors for years — if not decades — of dependable service. Whatever your application, there’s a Quincy air compressor that will get the job done with minimal maintenance requirements and a low cost of ownership.90004 90007 90008 Our Versatile and Dependable Air Compressors 90009 90010 90002 Quincy manufactures one of the most diverse lines of air compressors on the market today. Our types of air compressors include: 90004 90002 90008 Rotary screw compressors: 90009 Quincy rotary screw air compressors range in size from 5 to 350 horsepower, and can deliver up to 1,500 ACFM of pressurized air. From the belt-driven QGS product line to the direct-drive QSI, we manufacture options for all customers. 90004 90002 90008 Reciprocating air compressors: 90009 Quincy released the world’s first reciprocating air compressor, the QR-25, in 1937.Today, the QR-25 remains the industry standard in pressure-lubricated air compressors. Several other models, including the QP and QT series, complement it in our current lineup of products. 90004 90002 90008 Oil-free air compressors: 90009 We design our oil-free air compressors for use in clean environments where minimizing the risk of contamination is essential. The QOF line of products meets ISO 8573-1, Class 0 requirements for air purity while delivering efficient performance in any task. 90004 90002 90008 Natural gas compressors: 90009 A variety of industrial facilities, including petroleum refineries, chemical processing plants and manufacturing operations, use natural gas compressors instead of electric or diesel-powered units.We offer several models, including the QSG rotary screw compressor and QRNG reciprocating compressor, for these and other applications. 90004 90002 90008 Portable air compressors: 90009 Quincy portable air compressors are ideal for home and light industrial use. Whether you’re powering air tools, inflating a tire or airbrushing a car, our portable products deliver all the power and performance you expect from a Quincy compressor, in a compact package that’s ideal for DIY use. 90004 90002 90008 Multistage air compressors: 90009 Multistage compressors are capable of delivering pressure and airflow levels beyond that of a single-stage unit.As a result, they are the ideal choice for demanding industrial environments that require running multiple tools at once, or tasks necessitating extremely high pressures. Many of our most popular products, including the QR-25, are available in two- and three-stage configurations. 90004 90002 In addition to our air compressors, we also manufacture and sell a full selection of replacement parts and accessories, as well as desiccant dryers, vacuum pumps, air treatment systems and more. 90004 90007 90008 90041 90009 90010 90007 90008 Buy Industrial Air Compressors with Confidence 90009 90010 90002 When you buy an air compressor from Quincy Compressor, you are buying a product backed by decades of research and some of the best warranty coverage in the industry.Visit our individual product pages to view detailed specifications and other product information, or find a dealer in your area for assistance today. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90053 It’s easy to be familiar with air compressors. You might think of them as a tool for inflating your tires or blowing up an air mattress for that sleepover. In industrial settings, we often assume they’re powering tools such as jackhammers. All of that, however, is just the tip of the iceberg. 90004 90002 Different types of air compressors can be found in major industrial settings that process our food, jet engines that get us where we want to be and even that supercharger under your hood.90004 90002 All of these applications have led to a wide range of air compressor types and components. Choices are not as simple as reciprocating air compressors versus rotary screw type compressors, however. Instead, you’ll have pressure, maintenance, equipment, locating, housing and many more considerations. Thankfully, the specialized nature of many compressors means an air compressor types comparison is becoming easier, and so is the selection process. 90004 90002 Whether you’re looking for a compressor for your home workshop and basement, a construction site or an industrial setting, many of the questions are the same.So, let’s start with this big guide of air compressor types comparisons to answer the question of: What type of air compressor do I need? 90004 90002 90062 90063 90004 90007 Positive vs. Negative Displacement 90010 90002 Just about every compressor falls into one of two categories: positive or negative displacement compressors. You’ll more likely see a negative displacement compressor listed as a «non-positive displacement» compressor because that’s technically a more accurate description of the system.90004 90002 Displacement type sorts the two categories based on how pressure energy is delivered and imparted into the air itself. 90004 90071 Positive Displacement 90072 90002 For positive displacement compressors, air is usually trapped between two moving components and then forced to occupy space of a lower volume, increasing its pressure. Air can be caught and trapped between parts such as pistons and cylinders where it is then stacked and pressed downward to increase pressure. 90004 90002 Positive displacement air compressor types are the most common types of air compressors.You’ll find them in home use, hobbyist applications, small worksites and even in industrial applications. Some of the most common positive models are piston compressors. 90004 90002 Positive displacement can also use rotary screw compression to create air chambers and allow rotation to compress the air in a given space. Most of these compressors will use oil as a lubricant at the motor’s compression point, and they tend to feature a solid seal. In these cases, they include a system that removes the oil from the compressed air in order to avoid contamination.90004 90071 Non-Positive (Negative) Displacement 90072 90002 Kinetic energy from rotating components is used to create pressure in non-positive displacement compressors. There’s often a lot of rotation in air compressor types and components that use non-positive displacement. This can include centrifugal compressors, rotating impellers and more. 90004 90002 Essentially, these compressors operate without creating the true physical displacement that positive compressors need. 90004 90002 Non-positive displacement types of air compressors often have a fluctuating pressure based on the speed of the rotating element, such as an impeller, so they are often used in low-pressure deployments.90004 90007 Reciprocating and Piston Compressors: Single-Stage and Two-Stage 90010 90002 One type of positive displacement compressor is the reciprocating air compressor, though you may also see it called the piston air compressor. These air compressor types rely on a piston inside of a cylinder for their operation. 90004 90002 As the compressor operates, the piston moves down, and air fills the upper portion of the cylinder — based on the difference in atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the cylinder.Compression of the air occurs when the cylinder moves upward. Standard units are single-stage because they typically contain a single piston and cylinder. 90004 90002 Two-stage reciprocating air compressors will have two pistons, each in their own cylinder. These are often set at a 90-degree angle and can look very similar to the pistons that stick out of a V-8 engine. A two-stage piston compressor operates in a similar way to the single-stage compressor. The air intake method is the same, but it adds another step for compression so it can maximize the strength of the two cylinders.90004 90002 During the first stage, the air is compressed to an interim pressure amount, but this generates some heat. After the piston moves again, the heat is removed from the compressed air, and then it is transferred to another cylinder. The second cylinder is set to a pressure amount, and it repeats the downward-upward motion to compress the air to that set pressure value. 90004 90007 Rotary Scroll 90010 90002 90100 90004 90002 Rotation is a top method for compressing air across multiple types of air compressors.First on our list of rotary compressor types is the rotary scroll compressor. 90004 90002 This unit is designed with longevity in mind because its rotation involves only a few moving parts — a significant departure from some air compressors such as the rotary screw compressor. 90004 90002 A single helical element is set at the center of this compressor. It’s fixed so it can continue to spin (or orbit). This will slowly compress the air inside of its housing as well as slowly draw in more air from a specific source or the general environment.90004 90002 These compressors will often sound a little different and work a little smoother than other air compressor types, even if their maximum power levels out sooner. This occurs because of the gradual pressurization and intake processes. The system does not pulsate due to motor changes, so it delivers a continual supply of air. 90004 90002 Rotary scroll air compressors have different intensity levels, so they may require lubrication for larger systems or when producing greater pressure. However, many common rotary scroll models feature an oil-free design.90004 90002 Rotary scroll compressors are often used to compress air and coolants. They’re smooth and reliable because the orbits are easy to counterbalance, reducing vibrations. This makes them optimal for inclusion in small situations and when working in conjunction with a lot of moving parts. 90004 90002 90115 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 The technology plays a role in many air conditioners, vacuum pumps and even in some superchargers for vehicles.Volkswagen’s G-Lader is a specialized scroll compressor that’s used in the carmaker’s passenger car models. 90004 90002 Rotary scroll air compressors use fewer moving parts than other compressors on our list, and that makes them more reliable in many situations. However, it’s always best to look for the latest research on reliability because scroll compressors are very vulnerable in situations where debris can enter the system. 90004 90007 Rotary Screw Type Air Compressor 90010 90002 90136 90004 90002 Rotary screw compressors make use of two mated helical screws housed in a central container unit.These screws are powered so they rotate briskly, increasing the air pressure inside of the chamber. When the air pressure increases, the overall volume of air is decreased, compressing the air and providing some increased capability for the system. 90004 90002 You may not run into a rotary screw compressor all that often because the internal mechanism generates a significant amount of friction. Rotary screw type air compressors require a coolant and lubrication, increasing cost and decreasing long-term efficiency of the system (because there is more maintenance and checks required).90004 90002 Rotary screw compressors do tend to have lower leakage levels compared to other models, especially when used in superchargers. This allows them to operate in high-precision environments as well as long-term rugged use situations. 90004 90002 Oil is often the lubrication of choice for rotary screw air compressors, but that causes more work for the compression system itself. Before any compressed air from this type of compressor can be used, there needs to be a mechanism in place that separates the oil from the compressed air.90004 90002 Rotary screw type air compressors are able to deliver high-pressure as needed, making them the compressor of choice for big impact equipment like a jackhammer. Diesel-powered units are common at construction sites all across the U.S. because of their flexibility and reliability. If there’s a compressor pulled behind like a trailer, it’s probably a rotary screw type of compressor. 90004 90002 90149 90004 90002 However, models that operate oil-free are also used in other, more delicate situations.Large, oil-free rotary screw type air compressors can have a significant output and keep it up well, so they’re a go-to for medical research applications and precision manufacturing, such as the creation of semiconductors. The layout of these compressors make them easy to use in conjunction with equipment that removes unwanted debris or elements, such as hydrocarbons, from the ambient air. 90004 90007 Rotary Sliding Vane 90010 90002 90156 90004 90002 The rotary sliding vane is a fancy name for a fancy-looking air compressor type that’s been around for a long time.This model will use a significant motor that houses a rotor, stator and a series of blades that rotate. The Italian engineer Agostino Ramelli actually described the motor’s mechanism all the way back in 1588, and the «modern» design we use was patented by Canadian engineer Charles C. Barnes in 1876. 90004 90002 Air compressors using the rotary sliding vane motor are common in automotive and hydraulic applications, such as the power steering in many cars as well as some vacuums. 90004 90002 The blades, also called vanes, are set inside of the central spinning rotor, and they move out and in as space allows.The rotor is set off-center so one side nearly touches the end of its casing, which forces the vanes to move in as they approach this tight space. As the rotor turns, the vanes slide out (thanks to centrifugal force) until they touch the casing. Air is caught between the vanes, and the volume of the air is reduced as the rotor turns, raising the air’s pressure. 90004 90002 Motion is relatively steady and pressure continuous, so these compressors work well for medium-pressure situations. Unfortunately for the rotary sliding vane compressor, many newer models are able to perform low-pressure and high-pressure tasks more efficiently.This is why you’ll still see vane compressors in automotive uses but will struggle to find them in modern vacuums. 90004 90002 90167 90004 90002 If your needs are of a higher pressure, say above 80 psi, then you’ll likely have better performance and cost savings by using a rotary screw air compressor. General costs and maintenance are about the same, but rotary screw compressors can perform better at stronger pressures and will take less wear as you move even higher. 90004 90002 In vacuums and other lower-pressure situations, many companies are now turning to claw pumps for improved efficiency.The claw pump will cost a little more at purchase, but they deliver the same pressure at a lower power consumption and typically have less maintenance needs than a rotary sliding vane compressor. 90004 90007 Rocking Piston Air Compressors 90010 90002 90176 90004 90002 Sometimes you need a small air compressor that operates at a lower pressure and does not require a splash lubrication system to operate. In these cases, you may want to consider a rocking piston air compressor. These units are quiet and compact, making them a top choice when portability is demanded.90004 90002 The rocking piston compressor takes standard pistons from your one- and two-stage compressors and then adjusts them slightly out of the standard piston deployment. For air compressors, after air enters the chamber, it is pressurized as a connecting rod and piston interact. Heavy-duty units will have metallic rings and internal parts, but many of these also use non-metal pieces that do not require any lubricant. 90181 90004 90002 Rocking piston air compressors are commonly used for tasks like aerating small ponds as well as other deep water applications.They’re able to operate 24/7 for these types of low-load jobs. Parts and maintenance are relatively inexpensive and easy, which furthers their appeal for home and business aeration services. 90004 90007 Centrifugal Air Compressors 90010 90002 90188 90004 90002 The first on our list to not use positive displacement is the centrifugal air compressor. This type of air compressor relies on the principle of dynamic compression, which increases air pressure by raising the velocity of the air. 90004 90002 Centrifugal air compressors rely on a central impeller to operate.Impellers are made from materials like iron, steel or bronze — stronger materials for greater pressures, though some small units will have plastic impellers. They operate by spinning up to 60,000 times per minute. It transfers energy from its motor to the air by driving the air outward across its casing. 90004 90002 The powered air is then slowed down through intercoolers and diffusers, cooling the air and removing fluid that may build up in the process as the air is pressurized. The systems often have outlets for liquid because moisture in the internal workings can cause damage.90004 90002 Mesh impellers are common in centrifugal air compressors like the one in the Roots Blower, which is used in some car engine superchargers, and help move air through systems. Diesel engines in large transportation vehicles will often feature these superchargers. On the large, industrial side of things, you’ll find centrifugal air compressors in big ventilation systems, blast furnaces and industrial-strength combustion engines. 90004 90002 Centrifugal compressors are also very common when companies are looking to compress gas in oil platforms as well as for liquid natural gas (LNG) and liquid petroleum gas (LPG).When using LNG and LPG platforms that require storage or have transport installations, smaller centrifugal compressors are often on hand. 90004 90002 Constant load requirements and capabilities are the hallmark of centrifugal compressors. The consistent operation of the inducer, impeller and diffuser is best for the system. The design also allows you to consistently activate it while scaling overall use up and down as needed. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90205 90004 90002 When compressed air is in less demand or when the pressure requirement is lower, the impeller can reduce its speed.This reduction actually allows the overall centrifugal compressor to increase its capacity, giving you long-term security and preventing mechanical concerns. 90004 90002 Efficiency is the major choice for this when working with a clean intake and consistent use. You’ll find centrifugal compressors in single-stage, two-stage and three-stage models, making them potentially more efficient than some screw compressors (and many other positive displacement compressors). 90004 90007 Rotary Lobe Air Compressor Types 90010 90002 90214 90004 90002 Many of the compressors we look at today have a storied past, and that includes the rotary lobe pump — which have been working in industrial situations since their 1860 invention by the Roots Brothers.Originally designed as a water motor for a mill, they discovered the machine was powerful enough to assist workers smelting iron. 90004 90002 Rotary Lobe compressors have been in use ever since, and they’re often called Roots Blowers after the Roots Blower Company the brothers founded to initially sell them. Some of the most common uses today are for pneumatic conveyance, which is in just about every industrial mill for flours, grains and rice. 90004 90002 Rotary lobe air compressors are also positive displacement pumps, but they operate a little differently than the others on our list.For starters, the volume reduction that creates air compression happens outside of the pump itself. 90004 90002 The pump contains two rotors with two or three lobes a piece. Think of the infinity symbol for rotors with two lobes. One rotor is connected to the engine and rotates under that power. As it spins, it pushes on the second rotor and spins it in the opposite direction. These rotors need to fit together like puzzle pieces, so rotors must be precision machined, and the compressor can be put at risk if there’s debris or damage.90004 90002 As the two rotors spin, air is sucked in via the inlet and pushed out, so the volume reduction occurs at this point of discharge. Air is pushed down a pipe, and more-and-more air is stacked in the pipe to increase overall air pressure. This typically creates low pressure air at high volumes. 90004 90002 Rotary lobe air compressors produce high volumes of air, require very little maintenance and are designed to fit in most industrial applications interchangeably. They also can take a beating as long as you keep the intake clear.That means you’ll find them in consistent-use situations in nearly any type of industrial setting. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90231 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 The downside for the rotary lobe compressor is that they top out at about 15 psi, so you’re not going to see major pressurized settings. These compressors also have a consistent amount of slip — air that escapes from the system as the rotors spin — so they’re not the most efficient.If you need a quiet compressor, you’ll also have to install a silencing box around it because these tend to be very loud. 90004 90002 However, for rough situations where you need large volumes of air at a decent amount of pressure, you might have found what you need in the rotary lobe compressor. 90004 90007 Axial Flow Air Compressors 90010 90002 90252 90004 90002 Modern jet engines use what’s known as the axial flow compressor in their operation. This air compressor type increases the pressure of air before it’s injected into the burner, and the better the compressor performs, the better the engine performs.90004 90002 Axial compressors come in multiple stages and often look like what we think of when we think of a turbine. The compressor rotates, and air flows through the series of rotors, parallel to the axis of rotation. A central shaft spins, spinning typically half of the rotors in concert, while «stators» serve as fixed rows of airfoils in between the rotors. 90004 90002 Stators help the axial compressor keep the air flowing and properly pressurized. Without them, air would start to spiral around the axis and disrupt the flow, creating wasted energy and lowering the pressure.This helps to improve the success of these compressors. 90004 90002 Early models in the 1920s were poor and made the probability of jet engine flight look impossible. By introducing stators and airfoils instead of flat blades, however, these compressors were actually able to make flight look feasible. They played a pivotal role in the early jets of the 1930s and 1940s, and by the 1950s, every major jet engine was using an axial flow design. 90004 90002 Axial flow air compressors are able to deliver significant pressure continuously.That makes them a top choice for jet engines, electric motors, steam turbines and gas turbines. While not the most common in small industrial or personal settings, they do perform very successfully in the aerospace sector as well as in large-scale operations. 90004 90002 90265 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 Common uses for axial flow compressors outside of jet engines include high-speed ship engines, small power stations, air separation plants, large blast furnaces, propane dehydrogenation operations and catalytic cracking air services.90004 90002 Axial flow air compressors of significant size often require testing in a wind tunnel, which can make them a significant investment. 90004 90007 Other Sorting and Selection Considerations 90010 90002 When you’re asking yourself «What type of air compressor do I need?» remember that there are other things to consider beyond just the overall type. Sometimes your needs will include restrictions on lubrication methods, prime movers, stages or cooling methods. 90004 90002 Here are a few essential things to consider during your selection for the right air compressor: 90004 90071 Prime Movers 90072 90002 Most air compressor deployments can take their pick from prime movers, ranging from electric motors and diesel engines to larger turbines that feature clutches and reduction gearing.Turbine-driven air compressors are relatively rare because of their complexity, but they can be a strong choice when you have the space and want a minimal fuel or heat generation added to your overall industrial system. 90004 90002 Electric motors tend to be the most common prime movers because they’re able to start and stop efficiently, especially in automated processes. They also perform well in unloading and loading sequences. Diesel engines tend to operate in logistics and transport situations, especially for turbochargers, because they can use existing systems.They are also a bit more rugged and work well in situations where you need to bring an engine and compressor around a worksite. 90004 90071 Stages 90072 90002 Stages tend to correlate to the overall pressure of the system you need. For situations where delivery pressure is low but stable, you’ll likely be able to use a single-stage air compressor. When the pressure requirement starts to push above 10 bar, the stress and requirements will outstrip what a single-stage system can do. 90004 90002 Two-stage air compressors may be your air compressor type of choice when you need to up the delivery pressure.Whether you’re able to fit a reciprocating compressor or pack in a rotary centrifugal version, stages push up capabilities. Three-stage compressors are pretty rare, but they’ll come with an increase in pressure capabilities as well as an increase in spatial needs. 90004 90071 Drives 90072 90002 Air compressors tend to fall into one of three categories based on their drive: direct, gear-driven and belt drives. 90004 90002 Direct drive compressors tend to be small, single-stage compressors for light commercial and home uses.They often feature electric motors as well. They’re small and need very little maintenance, which also means they tend to not need any oil. 90004 90002 Direct drive compressors are either directly coupled to the power source or are flange-mounted to it, improving performance. The orientation often is picked in order to give it best access to air in the atmosphere. This allows direct drive compressors to start the compression process without any pre-filling of an air tank. 90004 90002 Gear-driven drives do not face the same alignment concerns and maintenance needs of most direct drives, making them preferable for high-horsepower needs.The compressor speed can be adjusted to be different from the motor speed, providing flexibility for its use. 90004 90002 One important note is that a gear drive always requires a close eye on lubrication to avoid damage due to its high operating speed. Gear-driven setups are roughly a middle-of-the-road on maintenance, requiring slightly less care than direct drives, but more frequent inspections than the 500 hours that a belt driven can go between inspection and tension adjustment. 90004 90002 Belt driven compressors are found on both electric and gas deployments because they’re much more customizable.Large oil-lubricated air compressors tend to be belt driven because there are multiple layouts and features that improve overall performance and pressure outputs. 90004 90002 We recommend belt drive compressors when you have very specific needs for compressor loads relative to the power source, but you still want a lower price. They also tend to be quieter since they require oil. Overall, belt driven compressors tend to have lower maintenance costs and are less likely to break down. 90004 90002 Belts will require more maintenance and always need a protective casing, but they tend to be the powerhouse of the drive types.90004 90071 Coolants 90072 90002 Air compressors use three main systems to keep everything protected and cool: water, oil and ambient / atmospheric air. The choice often depends on other equipment in sequence and the size of the compressor. 90004 90002 Small types of air compressors often use ambient air in the atmosphere to act as their cooling agent. Air, especially when it moves, is a good conductor of heat. Small systems typically generate smaller amounts of heat, so air can whisk away excess heat from the cylinders.They’re often able to achieve near-isothermal conditions just by established motions of the compressors themselves. 90004 90002 As stages grow, an increase in heat accompanies the increase in pressure. For almost all two-stage air compressors, ambient air is not enough to keep things cool — sometimes this is based on overall heat, and sometimes it is just the size compressors reach to accommodate multiple stages. Water cooling is a common method to keep most two-stage compressors cool. 90004 90002 Water cooling is performed by forcibly injecting water around the cylinder walls to absorb the heat.Water is also a smart heat conductor. Moving it to the cylinder where it grabs heat as it flows past (or even becomes a vapor) then on to a cooler section allows the water to transfer the heat and condense again. Systems often rely on gravity and general pressure to keep water flowing, heating and cooling. These systems typically do not require any extra energy and are able to put up with vibration and use, making them suitable for many building installations. 90004 90002 In special cases where the system does not have enough room or where nearby heat sources could cause vaporization of water away from the cylinder, oil is used.Cooling oil transfers heat in much the same way as water, but temperatures will not rise high enough to vaporize it. That means it will require an additional power source for a built-in sump pump. While a little more expensive and less common, oil coolant systems provide significant heat transfer and are extremely durable. 90004 90071 Lubrication 90072 90002 Separate from the cooling system, some air compressors will need a lubrication system to keep internal parts working appropriately. Excess heat can not only damage the metal parts, but excess friction can also introduce extra elements to the compressed air.Metal flakes and other particles can cause significant damage if they’re passed to pressurized air tanks and injected into other machinery. 90004 90002 For the lubrication purpose in compressors like a rotary screw compressor, a splash technique is often used. This applies the lubricant by having a gearbox essentially sling the lubricant onto a trough above the system. Existing motion can power this, and then the lubricant steadily drops onto the parts that need it. 90004 90002 Splash lubrication systems are pretty simple and inexpensive, but they’re not able to deal with larger sized air compressors or those with parts that are moving very rapidly.When speed and size increase, force-feed lubrication is often employed. 90004 90002 The force-feed system is actually powered by an oil pump driven by the compressor, which is a nice feature that can save you some space. Lubrication oil is sucked through tubing and is steadily applied to the compressor parts that need it. Lubrication is not only constant, but it is applied at such a rapid pace that it requires a significant reserve and filtering process. 90004 90002 Specialized air compressors are again the exception to the rule because they do not often need any type of oil for lubrication.They’ll use other mediums or forgo lubrication completely by reducing their workload to keep parts from stressing under heat. 90004 90071 Piping Systems 90072 90002 Compressed air systems rely on piping to make proper use of their power. Pipe selection, layout, installation and maintenance can all play a role in how powerful the system remains and if you’re losing energy along the way. 90004 90002 Look for piping systems that work with your compressor type and allow for installation that avoids sharp angles, moisture, obstructions and blockages.All of these issues can harm performance and cause your air compressor to work harder to deliver the same load. 90004 90002 Piping can be a complex layout equation, so consult this guide to ensure you have the right design for your industry and shop floor. 90004 90071 Your Checklist for Purchasing an Air Compressor 90072 90002 The final consideration for your compressor choice is the checklist you need for choosing the right compressor. Here are just a few of the questions you’ll want answered and set in front of you when it comes down to purchasing: 90004 90357 90358 Where will you be using your air compressor? Does the site have a fixed location or will you need something stable and secure enough that you can move it around your work area with ease? 90359 90358 Do you have easy access to a stable electrical supply? Electric models are a little more reliable because gas generators can cause power fluctuations, but electric models tend to be more fixed units.90359 90358 What tools are you going to use with your compressor? What CFM requirements do they have? 90359 90358 What’s your most important metric: Air generation? Air storage? Workload? Technology support? 90359 90358 What are the standard and maximum operating pressures you’ll require? 90359 90358 What’s the maximum air volume you require? 90359 90370 90002 For further explanation of these questions that might help you answer them better, please see this Quincy Compressor guide to narrowing down your compressor choice.90004 90007 Learn More From Quincy Compressor 90010 90002 Determining which is the right air compressor type for you can be a little complex. It all comes down to your specific usage needs, any custom requirements you have and what existing machinery you want to use with your new compressor. 90004 90002 All of those options change what types of air compressors are available to you and which is the best purchase. Quincy Compressor provides as many resources as we can to help you learn how to size and select an air compressor.90004 90002 Contact our knowledgeable experts near you to learn more about what options are available in your area, what the true cost of ownership is and much more. The goal of Quincy Compressor is to help you pick the right type of air compressor that keeps your operations running smoothly. 90004 90002 Visit our sales and service locator to find a dealer near you! 90004.90000 Air Compressor Parts / Air Compressor Supplies / Most major brands 90001 90002 Select … ABAC Aerzen Air Tak Air Tek Air-maze Almig Alup Anderol Arrow Pneumatic Atlas Copco Baldwin Bando Bauer Becker Pump Boge Broomwade Busch Vacuum Campbell Hausfeld Champion Chicago Pneumatic Coleman Comp-Air Curtis Davey Dekker Vacuum Pumps Deltech Demag Donaldson Elgi Compressors Finite Gardner Denver Gates Grainger (Speedaire) Great Lakes Grimmer Schmidt Hankison Ingersoll Rand Joy Kaeser Kellog Leroi / Compair Mann Filters Motivair Norgren Palatek Parker Pneumatech Puma Air Tools Quincy Reelcraft Rietschle Roots Blowers Saylor Beall Schulz Solberg Filters Speedaire Sullair Summit Travaini Travaini Vaccum Pumps Ultra Air US Air Vanair Wilkerson World Air Worthington Zander 90003 .90000 Air Compressor for Sprinkler System | Get Fire Sprinkler Air Compressor Systems with Reliable Power and Performance 90001 90002 90003 Rotary Screw 90002 90003 Rotary Screw Air Compressors 90002 90003 Rotary Air Compressors (Skid) 90008 90003 Rotary Air Compressor with Dryer 90008 90003 Rotary Air Compressor with Tank 90008 90003 Total Air Systems 90008 90003 Duplex Rotary Air Compressors 90008 90017 90008 90003 Variable Speed ​​Drive Compressors 90002 90003 VFD Rotary Air Compressors (Skid) 90008 90003 VFD Rotary Air Compressor with Dryer 90008 90003 VFD Rotary Air Compressor with Tank 90008 90003 Variable Speed ​​Drive Total Air System 90008 90017 90008 90003 Booster Rotary Screw Compressors 90008 90017 90008 90003 Rotary Vane 90002 90003 Skid Mounted Rotary Vane 90008 90003 Rotary Vane with Air Tank 90008 90003 Total Air Systems (Vane) 90008 90003 Variable Speed ​​Drive 90008 90017 90008 90003 Piston 90002 90003 Two Stage Air Compressors 90002 90003 Base Mounted Compressors 90008 90003 Tank Mount Air Compressors 90008 90003 Quiet Two Stage Compressors 90008 90003 Duplex Air Compressors 90008 90017 90008 90003 Pressure Lubricated Air Compressors 90002 90003 Pressure Lubricated Pumps 90008 90003 Tank Mount Pressure Lubricated 90008 90003 Duplex Pressure Lubricated 90008 90017 90008 90003 Compressor Pumps 90008 90003 Pneumatic Air Compressors 90002 90003 Climate Control Pumps 90008 90003 Simplex Climate Control Systems 90008 90003 Duplex Climate Control System 90008 90017 90008 90003 High Pressure Compressors 90008 90003 Fire Sprinkler Air Compressors 90008 90003 Used 90008 90017 90008 90003 Oilless 90002 90003 Scroll Bare Pumps 90008 90003 Scroll Base Mounted 90008 90003 Enclosed Oilless Scroll 90008 90003 Enclosed with Air Dryer 90008 90003 Enclosed Scroll Tankmount 90008 90003 Simplex — Scroll Tank Mtd.90008 90003 Duplex — Scroll Tank Mtd 90008 90003 Oilless Scroll Tank Mtd with Dryer 90008 90003 Oil-Free Tooth 90008 90003 Oilless Piston Pumps 90008 90003 Oilless Piston Base Mounted 90008 90003 Oilless Piston Tank Mtd. 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